python-unittest

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类的测试

import unittest导入unittest模块

定义一个继承自unittest.TestCase的测试用例类 class TestSurvey(unittest.TestCase)

unittest类包含方法setUp()，只需要创建一次对象，就可以在每个测试方法中使用它们

如果在TestCase类中包含了方法setUp(),python将先运行它，再运行各个以test_开头的方法，这样编写的每个测试方法中都可使用在setUp()中创建的对象了
定义测试用例，名字以test开头，unittest会自动将test开头的方法放入测试用例集中

调用unittest.main()启动测试

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assertEqual(a, b)          a == b

assertNotEqual(a, b)       a != b

assertTrue(x)              bool(x) is True

assertFalse(x)             bool(x) is False

assertIs(a, b)             a is b

assertIsNot(a, b)          a is not b

assertIsNone(x)            x is None

assertIsNotNone(x)         x is not None

assertIn(item, list)       item in list

assertNotIn(item, list)    item not in list

assertIsInstance(a, b)     isinstance(a, b)

assertNotIsInstance(a, b)  not isinstance(a, b)

类测试案例

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class AnonymousSurvey():
    """收集匿名调查问卷的答案"""
    def __init__(self, question):
        """存储一个问题，并为存储答案做准备"""

        self.question = question
        self.responses = []

    def show_question(self):
        # 显示调查问卷
        print(self.question)

    def store_responses(self, new_respones):
        """存储单份调查问卷"""
        self.responses.append(new_respones)

    def show_result(self):
        """显示收集到的所以信息"""
        print("survey result:")
        for response in self.responses:
            print("- " + response)
        print(self.responses)

关于survey的测试用例

test_survey.py

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import unittest
from survey import AnonymousSurvey

class TestSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
    """争对AnonymousSurvey类的测试"""
    def setUp(self):
        """创建一个调查对象和一组答案，供使用的测试方法使用"""
        question = "what language did you first learn to speak?"
        self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        self.responses = ["English", "Spanish", "Mandarin"]

    def test_store_single_response(self):
        """测试单个答案存储"""
        # question = "what language did you first learn to speak?"
        # my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        self.my_survey.store_responses(self.responses[1])

        self.assertIn(self.responses[1], self.my_survey.responses)

    def test_store_three_responses(self):
        """测试三个答案存储"""
        # question = "what language did you first learn to speak?"
        # my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
        # responses = ["English", "Spanish", "Mandarin"]
        for response in self.responses:
            self.my_survey.store_responses(response)

        for response in self.responses:
            self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

测试效果